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The supine position is the most common surgical position with the patient lying on their back with the head, neck and spine in a neutral position.   This position is not without pressure injury risk as there is increased pressure and shear forces to the scapula, occiput, elbows, sacrum, coccyx, and heels. Today we are going to look at ways to mitigate the risk for pressure injuries (PI) to the heel, related to the supine position. When a patient lies supine, all the pressure of their lower legs and feet rest on the heel.  Heel PI represents approximately one third of pressure injuries acquired, and can result in increased morbidity and mortality. In some cases, heel pressure injuries can lead to amputation of the affected limb.

Essential goods are part of any great care or service. The operating room has countless examples of such materials. As perioperative professionals we know what is needed to provide the safest patient care.

Positioning patients safely and effectively is paramount to the success of all procedures. We often require more dedicated time and effort to position our patients than it takes to complete the entire surgical procedure. The lateral position involves multiple steps and items to achieve safety and success. A critical device for this position is the axillary roll. This device is a hot commodity in many operating rooms and at times this can lead to a short supply because of hoarding by one service team or another.  The savvy OR team member looks ahead for the needs of the patient. However there are unplanned cases and emergent needs that arise throughout the day. Despite these spontaneous cases, the OR nurse must never sacrifice safety at the cost of anatomical exposure and position

One of the highly common surgical positions is supine. This approach involves the surgical team’s watchful eyes to oversee a patient that will lie on their back with their arms either tucked or untucked to provide direct anatomical and surgical exposure to any area from the head and neck to the anterior aspects of the lower legs and feet. Supine position may be requested for a myriad of surgical procedures including everything from a thyroid, chest, cardiac, general, urology, orthopedic, or podiatry procedure to name a few. Given the wealth of clinical indications for the supine position, intentional time must be afforded for the perioperative team to consider all areas of required surgical access, as well as the areas not exposed during the surgical intervention.

 By: Amos Schonrock, MAN, RN, ST, PHN, CSSM, CNAMB, CNOR, NE-BC, Perioperative Patient Safety Specialist

As perioperative professionals, the operating room team has a constant dedication and calling to the creation and maintenance of an environment that keeps our patient free from harm. As a vigilant guardian, the perioperative nurse is often at the forefront of this action. For positioning the perioperative patient, the nurse must use their senses to assess the patient’s well-being and current integumentary status as part of the pressure injury prevention assessment during all phases of care.

Some surgical procedures require extreme positioning to ensure that the targeted surgical area is accessible to the surgeon and the surgical team. Extreme positioning requires extreme positioning devices which are manufactured to meet the need for surgical access first and foremost. Unfortunately, the devices and positions needed for optimal surgical access can increase the risk for an interoperative medical  device related pressure injury. The resultant pressure injury generally mirrors the pattern or shape of the device. One common position that fits the extreme high-risk description is the Lateral Decubitus Position. This position is commonly used during surgery requiring access to the thorax, retroperitoneum, or hip with a patient lying on the nonoperative side and careful positioning of the extremities. The following are some best practices to help when positioning the patient in a lateral position.